Advantage Of Star Topology

proceeds Of Star topologyStar Topology In a typical star analysis situs, all in all(a) computing inventions/ stations argon machine-accessible to a key catch, usually a switch. They are connected to this central device via line of credit comp mavinnts. Such cable segments are Unshielded writhe Pair (UTP) and Shielded kinky Pair, as well as, fictitious character oculus cabling.http//www.inetdaemon.com/img/topology_star.gifAdvantage of star topology With the star topology, if unmatched cable of device goes down, the rest of the cyberspace is not affected (fault valuation reserve). outrage of star topology However, beca expenditure management of communication is centralized, if the main switch or hub goes down the self-coloured entanglement goes down.Ext terminused Star Topology As the name implies, it is a bit more(prenominal) advanced than the typical star topology. In this topology, at that place is also a central device, usually a switch, in the mall of the meshing. However, instead of computing devices being directly connected to this central switch, other switches or hubs are connected to its ports. Computers and other peripherals are then connected to these switches or hubs, forming other stars hence an wide star is the final result.http//t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbnO2WYXsb8K_NPNMhttp//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ro/b/b5/Extended_star_topology.pngAdvantage of extended star topology As a result of on that point being a central switch, it is lenient to locate and troubleshoot any tough areas.Disadvantage of extended star topology Again, because of the use of the centralized switch, at one time the switch goes down it creates problems for the entire network.Ring Topology In this peculiar(a) network topology, from severally one calculator/ station is directly connected to the adjoining one in line and ends at the very first computer/ station, resulting in a circular formation/ arrangement of the cables. Each computer has th e responsibility of retransmitting communication messages. The communication messages all travel in one direction and as a result of having no end in the circular formation, in that location is no real need for termination.http//www.inetdaemon.com/img/topology_ hollo.gifAdvantage of rally topology Due to the topologys structure, there is no need for terminators.Disadvantage of ring topology Any break or fault in the cable can disrupt communications.Bus/ Linear-Bus Topology This structure utilizes a integrity cable segment which connects all the computers in a single hearty line. All computers in this topology share this single cable segment and as a result a terminator is needed. This is due to the occurrence that the quests need to be absorbed as they reach the end of the omni stack in order to handsome the network for fresh and newer communications.http//www.inetdaemon.com/img/topology_ great deal.pngAdvantage of bus topology This is an inexpensive topology to install.Disa dvantage of bus topology With all the devices sharing the same backbone cable, communication speeds are unkeptered.Tree Topology Logically, this is an extension to the less complex bus topology. www.networkdictionary.com states that The transmission medium is a branching cable with no closed loops. The tree layout begins at a point called the head-end, where one or more cables start, and each of these whitethorn obtain branches. The branches in turn may give additional branches to allow kind of complex layouts. It is often referred to as the star- bus topology.Available from www.networkdictionary.com/networking/lanat.php Date accessed October twenty-fourth 2009 art/04fig11.gifAdvantage of tree topology This topology allows point to point fit out for individual sectors.Disadvantage of tree topology A break in the main backbone cable willing affect the entire network. interlock Topology In the ope consider topology, each device in a network is connected to every other device in the event network. The mesh topology is typically utilize to connect several local area networks unitedly to create a WAN (it is more WAN based technology) e.g. the mesh is a perfect example of a mesh topology.http//www.google.tt/images?q=tbnMKaJ7Z8cc3BUJMwww.erealmedia.com/cms102/uploads/NetworkingPrinciples/Chapter1/1_23_MeshTopology.jpgt=1h=196w=176usg=__QGrcgQACaPCnhXDPW-hE9X5a-Rw=Advantage of mesh topology Due to the fact that all devices are interconnected to each other, there are various alternate routes, which improve fault tolerance.Disadvantage of mesh topology Managing and troubleshooting this architecture is very difficult, complex and expensive.1.2.0 Advantages and Disadvantages of LAN mediaThe media used in a typical LAN (Local Area Network) are concentrical cables, Twisted- oppose cables (Unshielded and shielded twisted pair) and Fibre Optic cables.1.2.1 Advantages of Coaxial cablesAppropriate for broadband brass Coaxial cables possess adequate ranges of frequ ency that can back up several network channels and as a result of such capability, allows for lots greater throughput.Better bandwidth Compared to twisted pair cables, coaxial offers a break up bandwidth system wide, as well as, better bandwidth for each network channel. As a result of this, there is bear for a several(a) range of service. Network functionalities such as data, voice, video and even multimedia system can profit from the improved capacity.An even better spacing amid amplifiers Due to the cable shielding possessed by coaxial, there is a reduction in noise and crosstalk, thereby allowing amplifiers to be spaced farther apart.Lower error consecrate Noise resistance is enhanced because the inside(a) conductor is in a wire mesh and coaxial has lesser error rates.Better channel capacity Extensive capacity is offered from each of the several channels.Disadvantages of Coaxial cablesInstallation can be expensive inclined to damage from lightning strikes People residi ng in areas, in which lightning strikes frequently occur, must be cautious. If the lightning is conducted by a coaxial, chances are that the equipment connected to the end of that particular coaxial, may be fried.Noise The path of return has noise exertion and the end apparatus requires additional aptitude to deal with error control.Deployment architecture problems The bus topology in which the coaxial is set up is vulnerable to noise, hindering and security can be jeopardized.Bidirectional (two-way) upgrade is call for In countries where there is a history of cable television, these systems are designed and make for broadcasting, not interactive communications. For a service provider to offer a abider any form of two-way communication services, the current network system needs to be upgraded to a Bidirectional system.1.2.2 Advantages of Twisted pair cablesThe cost of installing twisted pair on site is lowHigh availability Billions telephone subscriber lines established on twist ed-pair cede been set up and because it is already in the ground, the telecommunication companies will use it.Low cost for local moves, additions and changes in places Individuals can swap twisted-pair terminating in a modular plug with another jack. This can be make without a service technician, given that the wiring is already in place.Disadvantages of Twisted pair cablesFrequency spectrum is confine The total serviceable frequency spectrum of is closely 1MHz.High error rates It is extremely susceptible to interferences in signal communications, caused by EMI (Electromagnetic Interference) or RFI (Radio Frequency Interference).Data rates are limited The longer the distance the signal travels over cable, the lower the data rate will be. At 30 feet (100m), twisted-pair is capable of carrying 100Mbps. At 3.5 miles (5.5km), the data rate can drop to 2Mbps or possibly less.Short distances are required between repeaters.1.2.3 Advantages of Fibre Optic cablesFibre optic cables have high bandwidth compared to other mediums.It is impossible to tap into fibre optic cables. This makes them much more secure compared to other mediums.One can add equipment to provide supernumerary capability over a fibre without having to change it.No electricity passes through the cables what so ever, and as a result they do not conduct lightning strikesThey are light weightDisadvantages of Fibre Optic cablesThey are more fragile compared to other mediums.Installation of the cables is instead expensive.Termination of fibre optic cables is quite complex and requires special tools1.3.0 RecommendationAfter much investigation of the various LAN topologies and media, I have gathered countywide information and have come to a conclusion which topology and media theatrical role should be used. With respects to the LAN topology, I strongly recommend that the extended star topology be implemented. The extended star offers fault tolerance in that, if failure in one cable or device occurs, it doesnt pose as a threat to the rest of the network. If at all there are problems with particular cables or devices, the task of locating them is quite easy. Management is centralized due to the use of the centralized switch and it is easy to add devices as the network expands. Also, it can be upgraded for faster speeds and better performance, not to mention that it is the most widely used, so much support is available. Such a LAN topology proves to be quite costly but with all its benefits it is worth the expense.With regards to network media, if the extended star LAN topology is to be in use, the unshielded twisted-pair cables are a able medium. The installation costs are low and in addition, any changes or additions are cheaper compared to other media types. Furthermore, telecommunication companies will use subscriber lines that already exist, so there is no need for additional costs of course lines.BibliographyK. Wilson Jarrett and L. Goleniewski, (Oct. 12th, 2007), Tradit ional transmission system Media for Networking and Telecommunications. (Coaxial Cable)www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=683070seqNum=2Date accessed October 24th 2009K. Wilson Jarrett and L. Goleniewski, (Oct. 12th, 2007), Traditional Transmission Media for Networking and Telecommunications. (Twisted-Pair)http//www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=683070Date accessed October 24th 2009K. Wilson Jarrett and L. Goleniewski, (Oct. 12th, 2007), Traditional Transmission Media for Networking and Telecommunications. (Fibre Optics)http//www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=683070seqNum=5Date accessed October 24th 2009Network Dictionary, (2004-2010), LAN Architectures and Topologies Bus, Star, Ring and Tree.www.networkdictionary.com/networking/lanat.phpDate accessed October 24th 2009Task 2a) 2.1.0 earnings services required2.1.1 E direct The abbreviation for electronic mail this is a system of exchanging information/ messages digitally via the internet.2.1.2 vocalisation/VoI P The abbreviation for Voice Over internet Protocol this is a system used in telecommunications for the transmission of voice traffic/phone calls over any network based on IP (Internet Protocol) e.g. the internet.2.1.3 FTP The abbreviation for File communicate Protocol this is the TCP/IP standard used for the transferring of files from one computer to another.2.1.4 TELNET This is the TCP/IP standard used for remote terminal services. It allows users at one site to transparently interact with a remote system or network at another site, whilst appearing as a local terminal.2.1.5 Video communication J. Wilcox Pg.3 states, Video communication is real-time shift of digitized video images and sounds between conference participants at two or more separate sites.2.2.0 Required connection speeds2.3.1 With regards to Audio and Data communication, 64 Kbits/s is sufficient enough for use of this service. In the case of Video communication, bandwidth of 2Mbits/s or more may be required for pro per transmission. Furthermore, www.whichvoip.com states VoIP requires anyplace from about 24Kbits/s to about 90Kbits/s. Overall, once serviced with an appropriate broadband package, these requirements will be addressed.Available from http//www.whichvoip.com/voip/speed_test/ppspeed.html Date accessed October 27th 20092.3.0 Internet Service Providers (ISPs)In Trinidad, there are various internet service providers from which one can subscribe for broadband services. Blink, Flow, and Lisa Communications are such ISPs.2.3.1 Blink Packages2.3.2 Flow Packages2.3.3 Lisa communications2.4.0 RecommendationAfter investigations on ISPs in Trinidad regarding their services and prices offered, I have seen favourable packages with one particular ISP, Flow. Flow offers its customers bandwidth speeds ranging from 512k/1Mbps to 3Mbps/9Mbps. Also they provide free static IP addresses and email addresses, and the number of IP email addresses one receives depends on the package one chooses. The packages are as follows